The Realization of Interpersonal Meanings in the Discourse of Abdul Qodir Jaelani

The present study deals with the realization of interpersonal meanings in the discourse of Abdul Qodir Jailani (AQJ). The aims of this study were to explain the mood, modality, and appraisal systems which are realized in the discourse of AQJ. It used a descriptive qualitative research in the form of discourse analysis. The results uncover that each domain of those three linguistic evidences had its proportion. First, the realization of Mood systems for the four texts was demanding goods and services especially the spoken texts and giving information. Second, the use of modality system was a high proportion that was found in text 1. However, a slight proportion was found in text 2, text 3, and text 4. Third, the realization of appraisal system showed the speakers and the writers feeling on the event including their appreciation, affect, judgment, and amplification. Deeply, it is suggested to conduct further study to create intelligible language in teaching, to make a critical thinker of students, and to produce the best understanding of social practices of the way people do.


Introduction
Social life is the values and beliefs which are done by a group of people.By nature, social life is tied to fundamental features of such arrangements, (Theodore, 2002).To do social life is mostly influenced by economic domain.It influences rules in society including policy issue of educational career, politic, entertainment, and crime.For example, the accident of Abdul Qodir Jailani (AQJ) is as the prime suspect of a deadly pile-up causing six deaths and passengers were suffered injuries of cashing cars lately, (http://news.detik.com/read/2013/and www.thejakartapost.com.html).
The event was based on the quality of educational background of the suspect.It means that there is a problem in practicing social interaction.Moreover, it is dealing with language especially English.This language construes viewpoints of discourse happened in society.The study of discourse is the study of language use, (Fasold, 1990as cited in Schiffrin, et al, 2001).
The Realization of Interpersonal Meanings in the Discourse of Abdul Qodir Jaelani In discourse study, it deals with text and context.The two terms 'text' and 'context' have a particular significance in systemic theory, (Christie, 2002).Text is the socially and contextually complete unite of language, which may be written or spoken, preferably from the beginning to the end, (Eggins, 1994).Contexts impact on the way we produce and interpret texts, (Thornbury, 2005).These automatically deal with interpersonal meanings.
Interpersonal meanings may be said to function 'prosaically', operating fluidly throughout the text, (Christie, 2002).It means in analyzing texts, society particularly students will go with interpersonal meanings in which they become a manner to obtain aims of communication in interaction in social practices such as asking and telling.Besides, this knowledge drives to deal with grammar which is applied beyond the clauses or texts.Additionally, Interpersonal meanings have three systems that are mood, modality, and appraisal systems (Freddi, 2004).
Regarding to the issue of AQJ, it was essential to conduct a study on the notion of interpersonal meanings, in which it was entitled, "The Realization of Interpersonal Meanings in the Discourse of Abdul Qodir Jailani (AQJ)."The research questions were to 1) How is the mood system of the texts realized in the discourse of AQJ?, 2) How is the modality system of the texts realized in the discourse of AQJ?, and 3) How is the appraisal system of the texts realized in the discourse of AQJ?Meanwhile, the aims of the study were to describe and to explain the interpersonal meanings including mood, modality, and appraisal systems realized in the discourse of AQJ.
Hopefully, by conducting this study, it would be useful to make society especially to produce creative students of university students in obtaining their source of learning as authentic material particularly in implementing the paradigm of discourse analysis.Others, this study is convenient to make readers aware on problems without teaching them, to lead readers to read they need and to discuss what to discuss, and to get humble and tolerant.Deeply, it is extremely significant in education especially for English learners of non-native speakers.

Method
The issue of this study was the discourse of AQJ that was spoken and written texts.There were four texts including two spoken (text 1 and text 2) and two written texts (text 3 and text 4).The both texts of news of AQJ were analyzed by discourse analysis paradigm.This discourse analysis was interpersonal meanings which consist of the mood, modality, and appraisal systems.They were adopted from Eggins (1994Eggins ( , 2004)), Eggins and Slade (1997), Freddi (2004), Gerot and Wilgnell (1994), Halliday and Matthiessen (1999), Martin andRose (2003), andPalmer (1986).It focused on the interpersonal meanings between the speakers and the addressee.Moreover, it was descriptive qualitative research which basically had a purpose to describe a particular event.Qualitative research is interpretive research and is descriptive in that the researcher is interested in process, meaning, and understanding gained through words or picture, (Creswell 1994: 145-7).
The techniques of choosing the data were to observe and to decide the most popular event nowadays in society by means of the event never happened previously.It of course was impact for society in undertaking social practices.Furthermore, the variables that analyzed in this study were both spoken and written texts on the discourse of AQJ.
Moreover, the procedures of data collection were: 1) the researcher decided the boundaries for the study that was the texts of news of AQJ cited on online electronic Jakarta Post and social media such as YouTube; 2) next, the researcher collected the texts; 3) then analyzed them based on the method of data analysis, discourse analysis; and 4) interpreted the data based on the unit of analysis, interpersonal meanings.
Last, in order to obtain the purpose of the study, there were two instruments of data collection including grammar analysis and lexical analysis.GRAMMAR analysis, firstly, consists of two components: mood system and modality system.First, MOOD system consists of imperative and indicative: declarative and interrogative.Interrogative consists of Yes/No polar and Wh-content.The second is MODALITY system.Its components are modulization and modulation.Modulation consists of obligation, inclination, and capacity.Then, modulization consists of probability and usually.Secondly, instrument of data collection is Lexical Analysis.It is APPRAISAL system.Here, this system consists of four categories including appreciation, judgment, affect, and amplification.Additionally, the form of data was percentage (%) in order to illustrate then interpret the findings.

Findings and Discussion
In the research findings, it consists of the realization of interpersonal meanings.They are mood, modality, and appraisal systems.It was taken from both text types of spoken and written.They were the comments (text 1 and text 2) and the news (text 3 and text 4) of collision of AQJ.

The Realization of Mood System in the Discourse of AQJ
Discussing about Mood system, there are two components existed in the discourse of AQJ.They are mood clause structures and MOOD block and RESIDUE.In it analysis, there are two crucial fields to analyze in order to realize the clauses' function either proposals (offer and demand) or proportions (giving information).

Mood clause Structure
The realization of mood clause structure in the comments and the news reports on AQJ, it is shown in table 1.Moreover, regarding to the data shown in table 1, it comprises of four texts.For text 1 and text 2 are adopted from spoken texts which are transcribed into written forms as spoken texts.Besides, text 3 and text 4 are taken from electronic Jakarta Post as written texts.Besides, concerning on the data findings, in text 1 and the viewpoint of on the use of full and elliptical declarative that, firstly, the highest percentage of the usage of all clauses is full declarative, and its percentage is 71%.There are some examples full and elliptical declarative.

MOOD block and RESIDUE
The second domain analysis of Mood system is MOOD block and RESIDUE.This identified 'subjects' of and these are illustrated based on each part of MOOD and RESIDUE.The table 2 shows that the speakers and writers demonstrate how important of information which is related to the accident or to affirm information which is needed by society as a hearer or a reader.Besides, they endeavors to centre the information on the AQJ and who participates involve on it including his parents, Ahmad Dhani and Maya Estianti.
In short, the issues which are stated in text 1, text 2, and text 4 do not emphasize on the AQJ himself as the suspect, but they underline on the other participants who are involved on it.Its notion is supported by realizing Finite as a part of MOOD block.The table 3 shows that how the speakers and the writers convey the information by means that in text 1, 2, and 4 used present Finite Verbal Operator (FVO) as the dominance though text 4 consists of a written text as news report.Nevertheless, text 3 uses past FVO in delivering information.Indeed, the main purpose is, of those all, used to create proportion which is intelligible and arguable one.Besides, there are more others which contribute to an arguable argument that is RESIDUE as a part of clause structures.
RESIDUE is an element that brings high understanding of proposition.There are there parts of RESIDUE that are 'Predicator, Complement, and Adjunct'.First, Predicator is the lexical and content part of the verbal group, (Eggins, 1994: 161).Its function is to specify the kinds of process of the clause, (Halliday, 1985: 79 as cited in Eggins, 1994: 162).This shows that the speakers and the writers intend to deliver their information or some demand in order to emphasize it as the process of clauses.This is shown in table 4. Second, 'Complement' is a constituent which has potential to become a part of RESIDUE.It consists of nominal and adjectival groups.However, it is defined as nonessential participant in the clause, a participant somehow effected by the main argument of the proposition, (Eggins, 1994: 163).By observing the definitions and the results of analysis of 'Complement' that is 25% as the lowest and 49 percent as the highest of nominal groups and adjunctively group consists of two percent up to 11%.It shows that the speakers and the writers add their information by setting nominal and adjectival groups as Complement to prove their argument by stating predicator and to produce some additional information or clarify the information interpersonally.It is illustrated in table 5. Last, the last domain of RESIDUE is Adjunct.The use of adjunct in the four texts shows how important the information is the message delivering at the time of speaking or writing.It shows especially in the use of circumstantial, mood, and conjunctive adjuncts.The highest percentage those all is 54%.While, the lowest one is 4%.From the three adjuncts, circumstantial adjunct is the higher one than others.These expressions are as additional information, but it has no potential to elevate the modal of responsibility.It is regarded to what Halliday and Matthiessen (2004: 123) states that an adjunct is an element that has not got potential of being subject; that is, it cannot be elevated to the interpersonal status of modal responsibility.Those three adjuncts are shown in table 6.To sum up, 'Mood Clouse Structure' can be interpreted that text 1 and 2, the speakers give an opportunity to respond to the events directly or indirectly.Text 3 and text 4 show that the writers slightly demand goods and services by focusing on producing information only.Deeply, the mood system especially Mood clause structure in the four texts, declarative clauses are the dominant.It is focused on giving information but not impossible the speakers or the writers demand respond or feedback.

The Realization of Modality System in the Discourse of AQJ
Modality refers to a range of different ways in which speakers can temper or qualify their message, (Eggins and Slide, 1997: p. 98).It has two components.They are EPISTEMIC modality or Modalization and DEONTIC modality or modulation.For each component, it categorizes into three levels that are high, median, and low levels.
The realization of both spoken and written texts is given in table 7 and 8.The results shown in the table 7, the realization of Modality system in the discourse of AQJ in the four texts shows that the highest percentage of 'Modalization' is the use of 'Median Probability'.It consists of 9% and stated in text 1 as spoken language, and the lowest one is one percent.It means that the speaker expresses limited suggestion by means of demanding service of an institution and a listener or society related to the event itself.This is based on Eggins (1994: 180), 'Modalization' is the expression of the speakers' attitude towards what s/he's saying.The table 8 shows that there are three types of Modulation including obligation, inclination, and capability.However, of the four texts there are only obligation and capability.It means that both speakers and writers do not pay attention on the use of inclination even though the issue of AQJ needs more paying attention in order to reach the better life especially in improving teenagers' characters in doing social practices.Nevertheless, other types of modulation such as obligation and capability are intended to express in all texts.

DEONTIC modality or Modulation
The use of 'Modulation' is higher than 'Modalization'.It shows that the highest percentage is high obligation that is 14%, and one percent is as the lowest one.Regarding to these results, Eggins (1994: 189) states that Modulation is a way for speakers to express their judgement or attitudes about action or events.It means that the speaker's judges on the one's attitude, and he demands services of a listener, whether a government or society like parents and others who are dealing with child protection in which they should care on their family especially children.
Indeed, the results of 'Modality System' analysis can be interpreted that the four texts propose listeners and readers to do their message.

The Realization of Appraisal System in the Discourse of AQJ
The Realization of Interpersonal Meanings in the Discourse of Abdul Qodir Jaelani The realization of affect in the discourse of AQJ shows feelings of all speakers and writers either unhappiness, in/secure, or dis/satisfied on the object of discussion.The results of affect analysis, it is useful to know people's feelings on an event, culture, and behavior.

c. Judgement
The realization of judgement in the discourse of AQJ shows how people comment and/or behave whether negative or positive jedgments of social sanction and social esteem.Of the four texts, they mostly use implied moral condemn and personal criticize in judging the object or AQJ and all participants involved in the collision.

d. Amplification
The last domain of amplification is mitigation.It is used to down-play or to mitigate speakers' personal expression, (Eggins and Slide, 1997:136).Regarding to the viewpoint and the results of analysis of mitigation, both speakers of text 1 and text 2 express their information by using some vague talk; however, the writers of text 3 and text 4 take attention in choosing words which are indicating vague ones.
Overall, Concerning on both the finding of analyzing appraisal systems, it can said that the speaker of text 1 is mostly dominant to emphasize his feeling about how people should and should not do.Besides, speaker of text 2 shows his emotion expressing high frequency of negative feeling of appreciation.Moreover, for judgement domain, the four texts, mostly speakers and the writers express their felling by giving high negative jadgement whether to the condition of collision of AQJ or others participants including to the event.Likewise, the percentages mostly prove that the speakers used especially in text 1 highly expressing vague of meaning especially in the realization of amplification in the discourse of AQJ shows that speakers especially the speaker of text 2 set some portions of enrichment, mitigation, and mostly try to express augmenting as means to grade their words acceptable, but they produce vague talk as well.Additionally, the speakers and the writers express insecure on the condition of Indonesia nowadays especially the collision of AQJ.

Conclusions
In conclusion, it deals with the units of analysis including interpersonal meanings: mood, modality, and appraisal systems.
Mood system, by identifying clause structures of the four texts, we, readers or listeners, are able to interpret what is the purpose of communication whether offering or demanding (proposal), or giving information (proposition) especially between semantic organization of interaction and grammatical differences among speakers.Of the four texts, the speakers and the writers use full and elliptical declarative, interrogative; Yes/No polar and Wh-Content, and imperative: suggestions and command in delivering their message as spoken and written texts in order to create intelligible information.
Modality system, the realization of modalization and modulation the discourse of AQJ, the four texts especially spoken texts show that the speakers use modality in order to show the appropriate words used by speakers or the degree of judgements and attitudes on the collision of AQJ or what should do when facing a problem in undertaking social practices, then.Moreover, the writers present acceptable information to place themselves as writers as objective as possible.
Appraisal system, appreciation, affect, judgement, and amplification realized in the discourse of AQJ, uncovers the word choices of the speakers and the writers in appreciating the event, what they feel, how they judge or stating what people judge, and in grading and/or intensifying their message or information.

Table 1
Mood Clause Structure Analysis

Table 2
Subject Analysis of MOOD Block Analysis

Table 3
Finite Analysis of MOOD Block

Table 4
Predicator Analysis of RESIDUE

Table 5
Complement Analysis of RESIDUE

Table 6
Adjunct Analysis of RESIDUE

Table 7
Modalization Analysis of Modality System

Table 8
Modulation Analysis of Modality System