The Effect of Corrective Training with Varying Loads on Several Kinematic Indicators and Long Jump Performance in Young Athletes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29408/porkes.v9i2.35133Keywords:
Corrective exercises; varying weights; kinematic indicators; long jump; young athletes; biomechanics; takeoff angle; jump performanceAbstract
Masalah utama dalam lompat jauh junior di Irak adalah stagnasi prestasi akibat kurangnya pemanfaatan analisis biomekanika dan latihan korektif berbasis indikator kinematik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menyusun program latihan korektif dengan beban bervariasi (3%, 4%, dan 5% dari massa tubuh), (2) mengidentifikasi pengaruhnya terhadap tujuh indikator kinematik (sudut tolakan, sudut awal lepas landas, tinggi pusat gravitasi saat kontak pertama dan terakhir, sudut absolut tungkai tumpu, sudut absolut paha tungkai tumpu, serta sudut lutut tungkai ayun), dan (3) mengidentifikasi pengaruhnya terhadap prestasi lompat jauh. Metode penelitian menggunakan desain kuasi-eksperimental dengan pretest-posttest kontrol grup. Sampel berjumlah 16 atlet putra usia 17–19 tahun yang dibagi menjadi kelompok eksperimen (n=8) dan kontrol (n=8). Kelompok eksperimen menjalani latihan korektif berbeban selama 8 minggu (3 kali/minggu), sementara kelompok kontrol mengikuti latihan rutin klub. Pengukuran kinematik menggunakan perangkat lunak KINOVEA. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan pada seluruh variabel kinematik dan prestasi lompatan pada kelompok eksperimen (p<0,05), dengan effect size besar hingga sangat besar (Cohen's d=1,14–2,80). Kelompok eksperimen juga secara signifikan lebih unggul dibanding kontrol pada seluruh variabel posttest. Simpulannya, latihan korektif dengan beban bervariasi 3–5% massa tubuh efektif meningkatkan indikator kinematik dan prestasi lompat jauh atlet muda, sehingga direkomendasikan sebagai metode pelatihan berbasis bukti ilmiah.
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