Phubbing sebagai Perilaku Menyimpang dalam Pembelajaran Mahasiswa: Perspektif Sosiologi Pendidikan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29408/jhm.v11i4.36280Keywords:
deviant behavior, digital culture, learning, phubbing, sociology of educationAbstract
Perkembangan teknologi digital telah mengubah pola interaksi sosial mahasiswa, termasuk dalam aktivitas pembelajaran di perguruan tinggi. Salah satu fenomena yang semakin sering ditemukan adalah phubbing, yaitu perilaku mengabaikan interaksi tatap muka karena lebih memusatkan perhatian pada smartphone. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis bentuk, faktor penyebab, dan proses normalisasi phubbing sebagai perilaku menyimpang dalam pembelajaran mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ekonomi Universitas Hamzanwadi. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif interpretatif. Informan penelitian terdiri atas 23 orang yang dipilih secara purposive, meliputi 20 mahasiswa dan 3 dosen. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles, Huberman, dan Saldaña melalui tahapan kondensasi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan dan verifikasi kesimpulan. Keabsahan data diperoleh melalui triangulasi sumber, teknik, dan waktu serta member checking. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa phubbing diwujudkan dalam aktivitas mengakses media sosial, membalas pesan, menonton video, bermain gim, dan memeriksa notifikasi selama perkuliahan. Perilaku tersebut dipengaruhi oleh rendahnya orientasi akademik, kuatnya habitus penggunaan smartphone, pembelajaran yang kurang interaktif, rendahnya motivasi belajar, serta normalisasi penggunaan smartphone di lingkungan kelas. Temuan utama penelitian menunjukkan bahwa phubbing telah mengalami transformasi dari perilaku individual menjadi norma sosial baru melalui proses habituasi, imitasi, lemahnya kontrol sosial, dan penerimaan kolektif. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dengan menawarkan konsep Academic Phubbing Normalization sebagai perspektif sosiologis untuk menjelaskan transformasi perilaku menyimpang menjadi praktik yang diterima dalam budaya akademik era digital.
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