Investigating students’ mathematical creative thinking skills in integral calculus using Google Sites

Authors

  • Yayu Sulastri Universitas Islam Nusantara
  • Deti Ahmatika Universitas Islam Nusantara
  • Annisa Nurmaulani Universitas Islam Nusantara

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29408/jel.v12i3.34543

Keywords:

creative attitude, Google Sites, integral calculus, mathematical creative thinking skills, problem-based learning

Abstract

Students need to develop creative mathematical thinking skills because these skills support academic success and are linked to a creative attitude an affective aspect that fosters the emergence of new ideas. In reality, students struggle to come up with new ideas when solving problems because they remain fixated on the examples provided. Therefore, learning that integrates technological support is necessary. This study aimed to investigate mathematical creative thinking skills in integral calculus using Google Sites. This study employed a qualitative method with a case study strategy. Data were obtained from students enrolled in the integral calculus course through interviews, observation, documentation, and questionnaires. The results showed that students with high and moderate creative attitudes were not yet able to fully meet the four indicators of mathematical creative thinking skills. The errors that emerged were predominantly conceptual errors that developed into procedural and technical errors. Google Sites-assisted learning through PBL was able to support group collaboration, but it had not optimized conceptual understanding and individual mathematical creative thinking skills. These findings imply the need to strengthen conceptual understanding, provide more interactive learning activities, and conduct individual evaluations to optimize the development of mathematical creative thinking skills.

References

Abakah, F., & Brijlall, D. (2024). Misconceptions of mathematical concepts vis-`a-vis how they pose as barriers to developing students conceptual understanding. Gulf Journal of Mathematics, 16(2), 81–99. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.56947/gjom.v16i2.1871

Acar, G. R., & Prudente, M. S. (2024). Affordances and constraints in a designed self-paced e-learning environment in calculus. In ACM International Conference Proceeding Series (Vol. 1, Issue 1). Association for Computing Machinery. https://doi.org/10.1145/3670013.3670064

Agustin, M. S., Sunyono, & Efkar, T. (2019). Pengaruh isu sosio-saintifik dalam meningkatkan sikap kreatif siswa pada materi larutan elektrolit dan non-elektrolit [The effect of socio-scientific issues in enhancing students' creative attitudes on the topic of electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions]. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Kimia, 8(2), 284–294. https://doi.org/10.23960/jppk.v8.i2.201908

Algiranto, Henukh, A., Tutik Yuliatun, Sinaga, P., Pongkendek, J. J., Wayangkau, I. H., & Mohd Zaidi Bin Amiruddin. (2026). Enhancing creative thinking skills in high school students through the integrated approach of joyful learning and problem-based learning. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Indonesia, 14(1), 147–157. https://doi.org/10.24815/jpsi.v14i1.121

Amaliyah. (2022). Analisis kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa pada sekolah dasar Karang Tengah 6 [Analysis of students' mathematical creative thinking ability at Karang Tengah 6 Elementary School]. Jurnal Ilmiah Multi Disiplin Indonesia, 1(9), 1278–1285. https://doi.org/10.32670/ht.v1i9.1967

Amaro, B. J., Bueno, M., & Querol-Areola, E. M. (2024). Google Sites and Wordwall.net – Online tools for learning basic integration (Issue Icgmsi 2023). Atlantis Press International BV. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-425-9_7

Amidi. (2018). Kemampuan berpikir kreatif mahasiswa semester 1 pada mata kuliah matematika dasar [Creative thinking ability of first-semester students in the basic mathematics course]. Prisma, Prosiding Seminar Nasional Matematika, 1, 936–942. https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/prisma/article/view/20642

Armanda, T. A., Madgalena, M., & Nurchayati, Z. (2020). Kecemasan komunikasi mahasiswa saat bimbingan skripsi [Students' communication anxiety during thesis supervision]. Paradigma: Jurnal Filsafat, Sains, Teknologi, dan Sosial Budaya, 26(1), 98–105. https://doi.org/10.33503/paradigma.v26i1.739

Berrin, T., Köse, K., & Tatar, E. (2024). The effect of computer supported collaborative dynamic learning environment on high school students’ success in mathematics classroom. Mathematics Teaching-Research Journal, 15(6), 194–216. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1417765.pdf

Boke, H., Aygun, Y., Tufekci, S., Yagin, F. H., Canpolat, B., Norman, G., Prieto-González, P., & Ardigò, L. P. (2025). Effects of cooperative learning on students’ learning outcomes in physical education: A meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 16(May), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1508808

Bueno, M., Perez, F., Valerio, R., Mareth, E., & Areola, Q. (2022). A usability study on Google Site and Wordwall.net: Online instructional tools for learning basic integration amid pandemic. Journal of Global Business and Social Entrepreneurship (GBSE), 7(23), 61–71. http://www.gbse.my/V8 NO.23 (JANUARY 2022)/Paper-288-.pdf

Dalilan, R., & Sofyan, D. (2022). Kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa SMP ditinjau dari self confidence [Mathematical creative thinking ability of junior high school students viewed from self-confidence]. Plusminus: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 2(1), 141–150. https://doi.org/10.31980/plusminus.v2i1.1585

Fatmanissa, N., Jamil, A. F., Siswono, T. Y. E., & Lukito, A. (2025). Collaborative problem solving with and without access to technology: Emphasis on mathematical justifications. Mathematics Teaching-Research Journal, 17(3), 178–200. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1481825.pdf

Fayakuun, M., & Agoestanto, A. (2023). Research trends on flipped classrooms of mathematics creative thinking, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills. Jurnal Elemen, 9(2), 558–577. https://doi.org/10.29408/jel.v9i2.15150

Franoto, O. A., Sumaji, & Bintoro, H. S. (2025). Media games interaktif berbasis web dengan problem based learning (PBL) untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika [Web-based interactive game media with problem-based learning (PBL) to improve mathematics learning outcomes]. AKSIOMA Journal of Mathematics Education, 14(3), 945–957. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.24127/ajpm.v14i3.11819

Guenyari, A. El, Chergui, M., & Wahbi, B. El. (2024). On a typology of errors in integral calculus in secondary school related to algebraic and graphical frames. Mathematics Teaching-Research Journal, 16(1), 33–53. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1427391.pdf

Gunawan, Kartono, Wardono, & Kharisudin, I. (2022). Analysis of mathematical creative thinking skill: In terms of self confidence. International Journal of Instruction, 15(4), 1011–1034. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2022.15454a

Hardani, Andriani, H., Ustiawaty, J., Utami, E. F., Istiqamah, R. R., Fardani, R. A., Sukmana, D. J., & Auliya, N. H. (2020). Metode penelitian kualitatif & kuantitatif [Qualitative and quantitative research methods]. CV. Pustaka Ilmu.

Hartanto, S., & Purwanto, S. (2019). Supervisi dan penilaian kinerja guru (MPPKS-PKG) [Supervision and teacher performance evaluation (MPPKS-PKG)]. Direktorat Jenderal Guru dan Tenaga Kependidikan.

Hidayati, K., Rahmawati, A., & Wijayanto, D. S. (2024). Efektivitas penggunaan media pembelajaran berbasis Google Sites untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kreatif siswa SMK [Effectiveness of using Google Sites-based learning media to improve the critical and creative thinking skills of vocational high school students]. Social, Humanities, and Education Studies (SHEs): Conference Series, 7(3), 2422–2429. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20961/shes.v7i3.92918

Irmayanti, & Putra, H. D. (2023). Kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa SMA pada materi statistika [Mathematical creative thinking ability of senior high school students in statistics]. Jurnal Pembelajaran Matematika Inovatif, 6(4), 1945–1949. https://doi.org/10.22460/jpmi.v6i4.17946

Isnaeni, Permanasari, A., & Permana, I. (2021). Profil kemampuan berpikir kreatif dan sikap kreatif siswa kelas VII pada materi pencemaran lingkungan [Profile of creative thinking ability and creative attitude of grade VII students on environmental pollution]. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Kimia: Kajian Hasil Penelitian Pendidikan Kimia, 8(1), 31–42. https://ipa-pasca.unpak.ac.id/pdf/publikasi_ilmiah/isnaini-kemampuan-profil-berfikir.pdf

Johar, R., Harnita, F., Sasaki, D., & Oktari, R. S. (2025). Incorporating disaster context into mathematical problem-solving abilities: The role of cognitive and affective needs. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 116(June 2024), 105083. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.105083

Lutfiyah, F. M., Sari, A. C., & Kurniawati, N. (2025). Media matematika interaktif exploring math berbasis Google Sites untuk pembelajaran transformasi geometri [Google Sites-based interactive mathematics media Exploring Math for learning geometric transformations]. AKSIOMA Journal of Mathematics Education, 14(2), 546–557. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24127/ajpm.v14i2.10882

Malau, D. T., & Siagian, P. (2021). Analisis peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis melalui pembelajaran model problem based learning (PBL) [Analysis of the improvement of mathematical creative thinking ability through the problem-based learning (PBL) model]. Jurnal Fibonaci: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 2(2), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.24114/jfi.v2i2.30934

Meiliati, R., Djodding, I. M., Aswin, Salido, A., Husain, D. S., Tahir, & Hidayati, U. (2026). Exploration problem-based learning in mathematics learning in higher education: A bibliometric review. Social Sciences and Humanities Open, 13(December 2025), 102345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.102345

Moma, L. (2015). Pengembangan instrumen kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis untuk siswa SMP [Development of a mathematical creative thinking ability instrument for junior high school students]. Delta-Pi: Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika, 4(1), 27–41. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33387/dpi.v4i1.142

Muhammad, I., Jupri, A., & Herman, T. (2025). Development of web-based learning media with a realistic mathematics education approach to increase student self-determination. Infinity Journal, 14(2), 303–322. https://doi.org/10.22460/infinity.v14i2.p303-322

Muniroh, B., Hartoyo, A., & Bistari. (2019). Kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis ditinjau dari self-concept siswa pada materi bangun datar di SMP [Mathematical creative thinking ability viewed from students' self-concept on two-dimensional shapes in junior high school]. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, 8(7). file:///D:/eoktavianty,+33761-75676604207-1-CE.pdf

Nguyen, A. T. T., Thanh, H. N., Minh, C. Le, Tong, D. H., Uyen, B. P., & Khiem, N. D. (2023). Combining flipped classroom and GeoGebra software in teaching mathematics to develop math problem-solving abilities for secondary school students in Vietnam. Mathematics Teaching-Research Journal, 15(4), 69–97. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1409361.pdf

Ningrum, M., & Puadi, E. (2023). Efektivitas model pembelajaran problem based learning (PBL) terhadap peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa SMK [Effectiveness of the problem-based learning (PBL) model in improving the mathematical creative thinking ability of vocational high school students]. Indo-MathEdu Intellectuals Journal, 4(3), 1568–1575. https://doi.org/10.54373/imeij.v4i3.184

Nisrina, Sari, I. K., & Fitriati, F. (2021). Pengaruh kemampuan berfikir kreatif matematis siswa terhadap hasil belajar siswa SMA Negeri 1 Banda Aceh [The effect of students' mathematical creative thinking ability on the learning outcomes of students at SMA Negeri 1 Banda Aceh]. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.46244/.v2i2.559

Pratiwi, N. F., Istihapsari, V., & Widayati, S. (2024). Penerapan problem based learning (PBL) berbantuan Google Sites sebagai upaya meningkatkan kemampuan memecahkan masalah peserta didik kelas XI [Implementation of Google Sites-assisted problem-based learning (PBL) as an effort to improve the problem-solving skills of grade XI students]. Proximal: Jurnal Penelitian Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika, 7(2), 735–742. https://doi.org/10.30605/proximal.v7i2.3884

Putri, R. A., & Awalludin, S. A. (2024). Analisis kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis ditinjau dari self efficacy dalam menyelesaikan soal berbasis literasi dan numerasi [Analysis of mathematical creative thinking ability viewed from self-efficacy in solving literacy and numeracy-based problems]. FIBONACCI : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 10(1), 51–64. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.24853/fbc.10.1.51-64

Qomariyah, D. N., & Subekti, H. (2021). Analisis kemampuan berpikir kreatif : Studi eksplorasi siswa di SMAN 26 Surabaya [Analysis of creative thinking ability: An exploratory study of students at SMAN 26 Surabaya]. Pensa E-Jurnal : Pendidikan Sains, 9(2), 242–246. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.26740/pensa.v9i2.38250

Rahyuningsih, S., Nurhusain, M., & Indrawati, N. (2022). Mathematical creative thinking ability and self-efficacy: A mixed-methods study involving indonesian students. Uniciencia, 36(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.15359/ru.36-1.20

Riyani, R., Maizora, S., & Hanifah, H. (2017). Uji validitas pengembangan tes untuk mengukur kemampuan pemahaman relasional pada materi persamaan kuadrat siswa kelas VIII SMP [Validity test of test development to measure relational understanding ability on the topic of quadratic equations for grade VIII junior high school students]. Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran Matematika Sekolah (JP2MS), 1(1), 60–65. https://doi.org/10.33369/jp2ms.1.1.60-65

Romadiastri, Y. (2013). Penerapan pembelajaran kontekstual pada kalkulus 2 bahasan volum benda putar [Application of contextual learning in calculus 2 on the topic of volumes of solids of revolution]. Phenomenon: Jurnal Pendidikan MIPA, 3(1), 131–143. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21580/phen.2013.3.1.179

Shimizu, Y., & Kang, H. (2025). Research on classroom practice and students’ errors in mathematics education: A scoping review of recent developments for 2018-2023. ZDM - Mathematics Education, 57(4), 695–710. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11858-025-01704-0

Siregar, H. M., Solfitri, T., & Anggraini, R. D. (2022). Analisis kebutuhan modul kalkulus integral untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis [Needs analysis of an integral calculus module to improve mathematical creative thinking ability]. GAUSS: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 5(1), 16–26. https://doi.org/10.30656/gauss.v5i1.4718

Suherman, S., & Vidákovich, T. (2022). Assessment of mathematical creative thinking: A systematic review. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 44(2022), 2–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2022.101019

Susanto, Dafik, Kristiana, A. I., Fatahillah, A., & Alfarisi, R. (2025). Enhancing mathematical creative thinking in ethno-geometry learning using augmented reality technology. Mathematics Teaching-Research Journal, 17(3), 70–87. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1481700.pdf

Tafirehan, A., Zulirfan, & Yennita. (2022). Analisis sikap kreatif siswa dalam pembelajaran IPA SLTP di Riau [Analysis of students' creative attitudes in junior high school science learning in Riau]. JOM FKIP-UR, 9(1), 1–7. file:///D:/31838-61658-1-SM.pdf

Widana, I. W., & Septiari, K. L. (2021). Kemampuan berpikir kreatif dan hasil belajar matematika siswa menggunakan model pembelajaran project-based learning berbasis pendekatan STEM [Students' creative thinking ability and mathematics learning outcomes using a project-based learning model based on a STEM approach]. Jurnal Elemen, 7(1), 209–220. https://doi.org/10.29408/jel.v7i1.3031

Yudha, A. S., & Rosnawati, R. (2025). A thematic mapping study of mathematical creativity: Bridging creative thinking and attitude toward mathematics. Jurnal Elemen, 11(4), 860–878. https://doi.org/10.29408/jel.v11i4.30727

Zulfirman, R. (2022). Implementasi metode outdoor learning dalam peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran agama islam di MAN 1 Medan [Implementation of the outdoor learning method in improving student learning outcomes in islamic education subjects at MAN 1 Medan]. Jurnal Penelitian, Pendidikan dan Pengajaran: JPPP, 3(2), 147–153. https://doi.org/10.30596/jppp.v3i2.11758

Downloads

Published

06-08-2026

How to Cite

Sulastri, Y., Ahmatika, D., & Nurmaulani, A. (2026). Investigating students’ mathematical creative thinking skills in integral calculus using Google Sites. Jurnal Elemen, 12(3), 739–759. https://doi.org/10.29408/jel.v12i3.34543

Issue

Section

Articles

Similar Articles

<< < 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.